Table Of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 NANOSCALE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEXTILES 16
1.2 WHY NANO? 18
1.2.1 UV Protection 18
1.2.2 Hydrophilicity 20
1.2.3 Water and Oil Repellence 20
1.2.4 Thermal Comfort 21
1.2.5 Flame Retardancy 22
1.2.6 Anti-bacterialism 22
1.2.7 Anti-Static 23
1.2.8 Wrinkle resistance 23
1.2.9 Electical Conductivity 23
1.2.10 Coloration and Abrasion Prevention 23
1.2.11 Mechanical Resistance 24
1.3 PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES 24
1.3.1 Cold plasma technology 25
1.3.2 Metal sputtering technology and metallic nanoparticles 25
1.3.3 Colloidal solutions 26
1.3.4 Sol-gel synthesis 26
1.3.5 Electrospinning 26
2 KEY NANOTECHNOLOGIES 28
2.1 NANOPARTICLES 30
2.1.1 The global market for nanoporous materials 30
2.1.2 KEY PLAYERS 33
2.1.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 33
2.1.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 34
2.1.2.3 Application developers 35
2.2 NANOCOMPOSITES 36
2.2.1 The global market for nanocomposites 36
2.2.2 KEY PLAYERS 40
2.2.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 40
2.2.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 41
2.2.2.3 Application developers 42
2.3 NANOCAPSULES 43
2.3.1 The global market for nanocapsules 43
2.3.2 KEY PLAYERS 46
2.3.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 46
2.3.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 47
2.3.2.3 Application developers 47
2.4 NANOPOROUS MATERIALS 49
2.4.1 The global market for nanoporous materials 49
2.4.2 KEY PLAYERS 52
2.4.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 52
2.4.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 53
2.4.2.3 Application developers 54
2.5 NANOFIBRES 55
2.5.1 The global market for nanofibres 55
2.5.2 KEY PLAYERS 58
2.5.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 58
2.5.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 59
2.5.2.3 Application developers 59
2.6 CARBON NANOTUBES 61
2.6.1 The global market for carbon nanotubes 61
2.6.2 KEY PLAYERS 64
2.6.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 64
2.6.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 65
2.6.2.3 Application developers 67
2.7 NANOCOATINGS 68
2.7.1 The global market for nanocoatings 68
2.7.2 KEY PLAYERS 71
2.7.2.1 Manufacturers and end users 71
2.7.2.2 Nanomaterials suppliers 71
2.7.2.3 Application developers 72
3 THE MARKET FOR NANOSCALE TECHNOLOGIES TEXTILES 74
3.1.1 Key applications and market opportunity to 2015 74
3.1.2 The global market for nanomaterials in textiles 75
3.1.2.1 Nanocoatings 76
3.1.2.2 Smart materials & sensors 77
3.1.2.3 Nanofibres/nanotubes 78
3.1.3 KEY PLAYERS 80
4 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPERS 81
4.1 Multifunctional coatings for medical textile applications 83
4.1.1 Nano-additives for textiles treatments 84
4.1.2 Anti-microbials that can be used on textiles without impairing the water absorbency or softness of the product 84
4.1.3 Improved switch and sensor designs, textile switches and sensors, and electronic noses 85
4.1.4 Waterproof coatings for textiles 86
4.1.5 High throughput and low-cost technological solutions for functionalizing solid substrates 87
4.1.6 Nano-silver particles in natural and manmade non woven materials 87
4.1.7 Nanofibres for textiles 88
4.1.8 Nanoscale-engineered additives for fibre and fabric-based products 89
4.1.9 Bioactive wound dressing 89
4.1.10 Anti-microbial textiles based on nanosilver 90
4.1.11 Electrically conductive textiles 92
4.1.12 Anti-microbial textile coatings 92
4.1.13 Nanoparticles of bamboo charcoal 94
4.1.14 Impregnated textiles 94
4.1.15 Electrospinning of nanofibres and continuous nanofibres yarns 95
4.1.16 Finishes based on nanotechnology for spill resistance and stain repellency 95
4.1.17 Surface modification of textile materials to obtain anti-bacterial properties 96
4.1.18 Textiles with new luminescent properties 96
4.1.19 Nanofibres with anti-bacterial properties 97
4.1.20 Stain and water repellent textiles 98
4.1.21 Electrically conductive textiles 98
4.1.22 Polymer nanomaterials for electrically conductive e-textiles 99
4.1.23 Transparent nanoscale surface coating for architectural textiles, airbag coatings and protective clothing 99
4.1.24 Nano additives for textiles treatments 100
4.1.25 High performance additives and masterbatches for synthetic fibres 100
4.1.26 Nanosilver impregnated textiles 101
4.1.27 Photocatalytic textiles 101
4.1.28 Anti-microbial fibres and fabrics 101
4.1.29 Bioactive wound dressings 103
4.1.30 Anti-microbial textiles based on nanosilver 103
4.1.31 Nanoparticles of bamboo charcoal 104
4.1.32 Dry coating process for functional fabrics 105
4.1.33 Nanomaterials for surface and air space decontamination, protective textiles, air and water purification and filtration 106
4.1.34 Nanofibres for protective textiles 106
4.1.35 TiO2 coated nanosilver 107
4.1.36 Electrospinning of nanofibres and continuous nanofibre yarns 107
4.1.37 Nano silver yarns 108
4.1.38 Textiles with new luminescent properties 108
4.1.39 Stain and water repellent textiles 109
4.1.40 Enhanced colour fastness to fabric and textiles 110
4.1.41 Binders for dyestuffs or pigments 110
4.1.42 Ultra-thin polymer coatings 111
4.1.43 Highly chemical resistant polymer materials 112
4.1.44 Smart and interactive textiles 112
4.1.45 Improved switch and sensor designs, textile switches and sensors, and electronic noses 113
4.2 RESEARCH CENTRES 114
4.2.1 PP and PA6/clay nanocomposite yarns for textiles 114
4.2.2 Nanostructured self-cleaning textiles 114
4.2.3 Functional coating systems for architectural textiles and intelligent surfaces 115
4.2.4 Enzyme therapy for self-decontaminating fabric 116
4.2.5 Surface modification of textiles 117
4.2.6 Nanofibres in textiles for medicine and healthcare 118
4.2.7 Functional coatings for textiles 119
4.2.8 Carbon nanotube films and nanofibres 120
4.2.9 Nanostructured intelligent surfaces for protective clothing 122
4.2.10 Smart vests 123
4.2.11 Piezoelectric sensors for textiles 124
4.2.12 Shape memory polymers for intelligent textiles 124
4.2.13 Smart fibres and textiles based on shape memory polymers 125
4.2.14 Smart fibres and textiles 126
4.2.15 Stimuli responsive polymer coatings 126
4.2.16 Healing textiles 127
4.2.17 Functional coating systems for architectural textiles and intelligent surfaces 127
4.2.18 Smart fibres and textiles based on shape-memory polymers 128
4.2.19 Anti-bacterial functionality on clothes 129
4.2.20 Coatings for textiles, and controlled release systems 130
4.2.21 Hydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings 130
4.2.22 Super-amphipobic nanoscale functional surfaces 131
4.2.23 Electrospun nanofibres for aerosol filtration in textile structures 132
4.2.24 Dispersion of nano-sized ceramic particles in textile coatings 133
4.2.25 Nanofibres in textiles for medicine and healthcare 133
4.2.26 Self-cleaning nano TiO2 textiles 134
4.2.27 Anti-bacterial functionality on fibres and textile fabric 135
4.2.28 Hydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings 135
4.3 UNIVERSITIES 137
4.3.1 Carbon nanotubes for electronic textiles 137
4.3.2 E-Textiles for wearable sensing and actuation 137
4.3.3 Quantum tunneling nanocomposite textile soft structure sensors and actuators 138
4.3.4 Nanofibres for wearable displays 138
4.3.5 Optical nanoscale textile sensors 139
4.3.6 Micro and nanostructured fibre systems for emergency-disaster wear 139
4.3.7 Colour removal with nano titanium dioxide 142
4.3.8 Nanostructured photocatalyst to degrade the colour in textile dye effluent containing auxiliary agents 142
4.3.9 Hybrid organic-inorganic coatings for wool textiles 143
4.3.10 Non-fluorine based superhydrophobicity for wool textile through nanoscale surface roughness modification 143
4.3.11 Engineered spider silk 144
4.3.12 Synthesis and investigation of highly photo stable fluorescent dyes and linking such structures to macromolecules 145
4.3.13 Electrospun magnetic nanofibres with anti-counterfeiting applications for clothing 145
4.3.14 Ultra-hydrophobic fibres 146
4.3.15 Carbon nanotube yarns 147
4.3.16 Anti-microbial polymer coating of fabrics 147
4.3.17 Cyclodextrin additives to improve/enhance the properties of textile products 148
4.3.18 Electrospinning and polymer nanofibres 148
4.3.19 Nanofibres for aerospace, automotive, biomedical and orthopedic devices, textiles, ceramics, polymers, and advanced composites 149
4.3.20 Multifunctional carbon nanotube yarns and textiles 150
4.3.21 Polymeric structures used in specialist structural and other textile applications 151
4.3.22 Polymer tapes and films with microcapillaries 151
4.3.23 Gold nanoparticles as colourants and functional entities in high fashion textiles 152
4.3.24 Self-cleaning fabrics 152
4.3.25 New smart organic compounds 153
4.3.26 Photocatalytic textile coatings 154
4.3.27 Polymeric structures used in specialist structural and other textile applications 155
4.3.28 Protective anti-fouling coatings 155
4.3.29 Smart textiles 156
4.3.30 Anti-microbial treatments for cellulosic and synthetic fibres 157
4.3.31 Anti-bacterial PP fibres for non-wearable textiles 158
4.3.32 Water-repelling, oil-repelling anti-staining chemically adsorbed film 158
4.3.33 Surface modification of fabrics, colloids 159
4.3.34 Shape memory polymers for intelligent textiles 160
4.3.35 Self-cleaning fabrics 160
4.3.36 Electrospun magnetic nanofibres with anti-counterfeiting applications in clothing 161
4.3.37 Self-cleaning fabrics 162
4.3.38 Carbon nanotube yarns 162
4.3.39 Anti-microbial polymer coating of fabrics 163
4.3.40 Carbon nanotubes for electronic textiles 163
4.3.41 Fragrance release textiles 164
5 GLOSSARY 166